What is Nmap?
Nmap, short for Network Mapper, is a free, open-source tool for vulnerability scanning and network discovery. Network administrators use Nmap to identify what devices are running on their systems, discovering hosts that are available and the services they offer, finding open ports and detecting security risks.
Nmap can be used to monitor single hosts as well as vast networks that encompass hundreds of thousands of devices and multitudes of subnets.
Though Nmap has evolved over the years and is extremely flexible, at heart it's a port-scan tool, gathering information by sending raw packets to system ports. It listens for responses and determines whether ports are open, closed or filtered in some way by, for example, a firewall. Other terms used for port scanning include port discovery or enumeration.
Port scanning
The packets that Nmap sends out return with IP addresses and a wealth of other data, allowing you to identify all sorts of network attributes, giving you a profile or map of the network and allowing you to create a hardware and software inventory.
Different protocols use different types of packet structures. Nmap employs transport layer protocols including TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), UDP (User Datagram Protocol), and SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol), as well as supporting protocols like ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol), used to send error messages.
Example of How to use NMAP in Kali Linux :
First root your terminal by type sudo su command in your terminal
Then type to scan your target open ports nmap <your target> then you can get open ports of your target.
• To Get Full Nmap Scripts click here.
• how to use NMAP script.
first type nmap --script <then type your script and target>
Creator Gordon Lydon
Nmap was written in C++ and first introduced, with source code, in Phrack Magazine in September 1997. It's been extended with C, Perl and Python. Creator Gordon Lyon had adopted the pseudonym Fyodor Vaskovitch, which he picked up after reading Fyodor Dostoevsky's Notes from Underground, and still uses the handle Fyodor in his work on Nmap.
Over the years, Nmap has benefited from the contributions of a growing community of aficionados and developers, and it's now downloaded thousands of times a day. Along the way it has achieved a degree of fame in popular culture, becoming the go-to hacking tool featured by directors in at least a dozen movies in scenes with stars like Rihanna and Kate Mara. Its first break in big-time films came in The Matrix Reloaded, where the Trinity character played by Carrie-Anne Moss showed off her hacking chops and impressed techie admirers by correctly using the software.
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